{"id":43672,"date":"2017-01-10T14:43:53","date_gmt":"2017-01-10T13:43:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sleek-mag.com\/?p=43672"},"modified":"2017-01-10T14:43:53","modified_gmt":"2017-01-10T13:43:53","slug":"ultimate-guide-paul-cezanne","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sleek-mag.com\/de\/article\/ultimate-guide-paul-cezanne\/","title":{"rendered":"The Ultimate Guide To Paul C\u00e9zanne"},"content":{"rendered":"

19 January marks the 178th birthday of Paul C\u00e9zanne, the legendary French painter<\/a> who is seen as the key bridge between 19th century and 20th century art. Leaving the impressionists behind, he forged a new form of representation in what would go on to inspire\u00a0cubism. Always concerned with how to accurately represent how we perceive nature, his paintings are considered some of the most revolutionary of all time. In honour of this great artist, we have assembled the ultimate A-Z of his life.\u00a0<\/em>
\n <\/p>\n

\"C\u00e9zanne\" “Paul C\u00e9zanne 109,” 1904-6. Paul C\u00e9zanne<\/p>\n

<\/h3>\n

A is for Aix-En-Province<\/h3>\n

The homeplace of C\u00e9zanne, he lived there from his birth in\u00a01839 until he moved to Paris in 1861. He returned after his mother’s death.<\/p>\n

B is for Banking<\/h3>\n

Thankfully for C\u00e9zanne, he didn’t have to work any menial jobs in order to support himself as an artist. His father was a banker, so he was always catered for. Upon his father’s death, Cezanne received 400,000 francs, setting him up for life.<\/p>\n

C\u00a0is for Catholicism<\/h3>\n

C\u00e9zanne was baptised a Catholic, and this informed his work. As he said:\u00a0\u201cWhen I judge art, I take my painting and put it next to a God-made object like a tree or flower. If it clashes, it is not art.\u201d<\/p>\n

D\u00a0is for Doubt<\/h3>\n

The most famous essay written on C\u00e9zanne, and arguably one of the most important essays ever on aesthetics, is “Cezanne’s Doubt”<\/a> by Maurice Merleau-Ponty. It considers how much a person’s life influences their work, or if their work stands separate from it.<\/p>\n

E is for Ennui<\/h3>\n

C\u00e9zanne was plagued by mental illness his whole life. Upon moving to Paris he wrote:\u00a0“The only thing I have changed is my location: my ennui has followed me.”
\n <\/p>\n

\"C\u00e9zanne\" “Still Life with Apples and Pears” 1891-2. C\u00e9zanne.<\/p>\n

<\/h3>\n

F is for Fruit<\/h3>\n

Some of C\u00e9zanne’s most famous\u00a0and accomplished still lives\u00a0were of fruit such as apples, pears and oranges. They are so good that when\u00a0Woody Allen’s character in Manhattan\u00a0<\/em>lists the reasons why life is worth living, he remembers<\/a>\u00a0“those incredible apples and pears by C\u00e9zanne”.<\/p>\n

G is for Geometry<\/h3>\n

Like Da Vinci before him, C\u00e9zanne was interested in the idea of geometry in art, using its principles in order to underpin the structure\u00a0of his work. His innovations would go to influence Picasso’s complete fracturing of the form.<\/p>\n

H is for History<\/h3>\n

C\u00e9zanne’s status in art history is immense, called by both Picasso<\/a> und Matisse<\/a> as\u00a0“the father of us all”. He inspired movements such cubism and\u00a0Fauvism, as well as the general avant-garde movement.<\/p>\n

I is for Impressionism<\/h3>\n

C\u00e9zanne was part of the impressionist movement, which also included Manet and Renoir. Wanting to capture a greater degree of realism, by using a palette of 18 colours instead of seven,\u00a0he moved away from it and pioneered what is now considered to be post-impressionism.
\n <\/p>\n

\"C\u00e9zanne\" “Jas de Bouffan, The Pool,” 1876. Paul C\u00e9zanne<\/p>\n

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J is for Jas de Bouffan<\/h3>\n

Belonging to C\u00e9zanne’s family from 1859 to 1899, the Bastide<\/em>\u00a0du Jas de Bouffan\u00a0<\/i>was the subject of many of C\u00e9zanne’s paintings. In 1880 he established an atelier there, and remained until his health got worse, prompting him to sell it and move to\u00a0Rue Boulegon. The Bastide can still be visited for the very reasonable price of six euros.<\/p>\n

K is for Klee<\/h3>\n

Paul Klee<\/a> was especially influenced by the French painter. He appreciated the way in which C\u00e9zanne would alter colour in order to create better harmony within a pictorial composition. This is something he developed in works such as “In the Style of Kairouan”\u00a0and “Red Balloon”.<\/p>\n

L is for Light<\/h3>\n

The impressionists were especially concerned with the depiction of light. They aped light’s\u00a0way of altering\u00a0colour in order to create more immersive, evocative forms. C\u00e9zanne developed this immensely, spending over a hundred working sessions on each painting to get its emanation of light just right.<\/p>\n

M is is for Modernism<\/h3>\n

Modernism is a loose term to describe a period in the early 20th century detailing\u00a0an upheaval in the arts, radical innovation, futuristic thinking, and a lack of faith in institutions. Whilst C\u00e9zanne wasn’t around to see its fruition, he\u00a0is seen by art critic Jonathan\u00a0Jones\u00a0to be one of its key forebears<\/a>: “The modernist passion to look deeper, including deeper within oneself \u2013 to record not a simplistic picture of the world but a complex and hesitant perception of it \u2013 starts in the paintings of C\u00e9zanne.”<\/p>\n

N is for Nature<\/h3>\n

C\u00e9zanne’s ultimate desire was to paint “from nature”. He believed\u00a0that the most important thing was to represent the object as<\/em> it was seen by the eye. It was from this steadfast belief that his artistic vision grew.<\/p>\n

O is for Optical Perception<\/h3>\n

In attempting to render what he saw as his subjective truth into some form of objective reality, he\u00a0developed the concept of binocular vision. This concept allowed him to treat his subjects cylindrically. Yet, as Jonah Lehrer writes<\/a>, he went one step further, as his “desire to capture the truth of perception led him to explore binocular vision graphically, rendering slightly different, yet simultaneous visual perceptions of the same phenomena to provide the viewer with an aesthetic experience of depth different from those of earlier ideals of perspective, in particular single-point perspective.\u201d<\/p>\n

P is for Pissarro<\/h3>\n

He\u00a0met\u00a0Camille Pissarro in Paris, and the older painter would soon become his mentor. As a result of his tutelage, he\u00a0stated that:\u00a0“we all stem from Pissarro”.
\n <\/p>\n

\"C\u00e9zanne\" “The Card Players,” 1892\u201393. Paul C\u00e9zanne<\/p>\n

<\/h3>\n

Q is for Qatar<\/h3>\n

C\u00e9zanne’s\u00a0“The Card Players” sold for a then-record $259 million when it was sold to a Qatari prince in 2011. It now stands as the third most expensive painting of all time, behind\u00a0Paul Gauguin<\/a>‘s “When Will You Marry” and\u00a0Willem de Kooning<\/a>‘s “Interchange”.<\/p>\n

S is for Salon Des Refus\u00e9s<\/h3>\n

Die\u00a0Salon Des Refus\u00e9s\u00a0<\/em>was set up in 1863 by Napoleon III after paintings by Gustave Courbet<\/a>,\u00a0\u00c9douard Manet<\/a>, and Johan Jongkind were all rejected from the internationally esteemed Paris Salon. C\u00e9zanne’s works first premiered there. He would be rejected from the Paris Salon until his first and only success in 1882.<\/p>\n

R is for Railways<\/h3>\n

The development of the steam railway moved in conjunction with C\u00e9zanne’s life. With railway travel came a new way of perceiving depth and motion. He\u00a0would use this as a major influence on his work.<\/p>\n

T is for Technique<\/h3>\n

C\u00e9zanne’s technique consisted of heavy brushstrokes and a fairly large colour field that combined an eye for naturalistic detail with the basics of classical composition. It is this mixture of the old and new that established him as a master painter.<\/p>\n

U is for Under-appreciated<\/h3>\n

He was not widely appreciated during his lifetime. Often derided by critics, he achieved widespread acclaim at a retrospective occurring shortly after his death.<\/p>\n

V is for Visibility<\/h3>\n

C\u00e9zanne’s aim was to take\u00a0the visible world and order it in such a way that how\u00a0we see is part and parcel of how we receive it. His work showed a gradual progression towards representation of the visible through increasingly innovative forms.<\/p>\n

W is for Will<\/h3>\n

Anxious\u00a0for most of his life, so\u00a0he conducted his will at the age of 46 just to make sure.<\/p>\n

X is for eXhibition<\/h3>\n

The artist took part in the famed Impressionist Exhibitions, premiering his work at the first and third. His mentor Pissarro holds the unique distinction of showcasing\u00a0works at all eight.<\/p>\n

\"C\u00e9zanne “Young Italian Woman At A Table,” 1895. Paul C\u00e9zanne.<\/p>\n

Y is for “Young Italian Woman At A Table”<\/h3>\n

This painting above is indicative of C\u00e9zanne’s style. Composed around 1895, it combines angularity with a defined\u00a0colour scheme in order to give it its remarkable quality of immediacy.<\/p>\n

Z is for \u00c9mile Zola<\/h3>\n

One of C\u00e9zanne’s closest friends as a young man was the naturalist novelist \u00c9mile Zola. As a\u00a0man who arguably shared the same attention to pictorial detail \u2014 albeit it in another form \u2014 he heavily encouraged C\u00e9zanne to move\u00a0to Paris in order to make his name.
\n <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The Sleek guide to the man who forged a form of representation that went on to inspire cubism<\/p>","protected":false},"author":78,"featured_media":43707,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[11856,139],"tags":[7388,38,7389,7390,6475,6476,1072,7391,3819,7392,7393,5003,1458,27,5015,7394],"class_list":["post-43672","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sleek-art","category-art","tag-a-z","tag-art","tag-art-history","tag-camille-pissarro","tag-cezanne","tag-cubism","tag-exhibition","tag-fauvism","tag-guide","tag-impressionism","tag-matisse","tag-modernism","tag-painting","tag-paris","tag-picasso","tag-zola"],"acf":{"main_category":null,"legacy":"1","exclude_from_ads":null,"hero_title":null,"subtitle":null,"hero":null,"teasers":null,"facebook_image":null,"related_articles":null,"next_article":null,"sleek_card_focus":null,"content":null},"yoast_head":"\nThe Ultimate A-Z Guide To The Life And Times Of Paul C\u00e9zanne<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The Sleek guide to the man who forged a form of representation that went on to inspire cubism\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sleek-mag.com\/de\/article\/ultimate-guide-paul-cezanne\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"de_DE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Ultimate A-Z Guide To The Life And Times Of Paul C\u00e9zanne\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The Sleek guide to the man who forged a form of representation that went on to inspire cubism\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.sleek-mag.com\/de\/article\/ultimate-guide-paul-cezanne\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Sleek Magazine\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sleekmag\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2017-01-10T13:43:53+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@sleekmag\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@sleekmag\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Verfasst von\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Redmond Bacon\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Gesch\u00e4tzte Lesezeit\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7\u00a0Minuten\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.sleek-mag.com\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.sleek-mag.com\/\",\"name\":\"Sleek Magazine\",\"description\":\"Sleek is Germany\u2019s leading independent media house\/brand for creativity and innovation located in Berlin the creative capital of the world. 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